THE ROLE OF AUGMENTED REALITY AND VIRTUAL REALITY IN ENHANCING ECOLOGICAL LITERACY AND PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66303/7xrwd368Keywords:
Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Ecological Literacy, Enviromental Education, Pro Environmental BehaviorAbstract
Environmental problems such as climate change, pollution, ecosystem degradation, and biodiversity loss have become global challenges that require effective environmental education. The development of digital technology has provided new opportunities to improve learning through the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR). These technologies offer interactive and immersive learning experiences that can support the development of ecological literacy and pro-environmental behavior among learners. This study aims to examine the role of AR and VR in improving ecological literacy and pro-environmental behavior through a systematic literature review. The reviewed articles were collected from national and international publications published between 2020 and 2025. The results show that AR and VR have a positive impact on students’ understanding of environmental concepts, learning motivation, ecological awareness, environmental empathy, and pro-environmental behavior. Virtual Reality is commonly used for environmental simulations, climate change education, and ecosystem exploration, while Augmented Reality is widely used for visualizing environmental concepts and supporting interactive learning activities. However, several challenges remain, including limited infrastructure, high technology costs, and the need to improve teachers’ digital competencies. Overall, AR and VR have great potential to support innovative environmental education and promote sustainable behavior among learners.
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