Development of an Adaptive Mathematics Learning Model for Students with Diverse Abilities at SDN 38 Bonto Perak

Abstract

This study aims to develop an adaptive mathematics learning model that responds to the diverse abilities of fifth-grade students at SDN 38 Bonto Perak. The background of this research lies in the reality that within a single classroom, students exhibit varying levels of understanding of mathematical concepts, which affects their participation and learning outcomes. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Borg and Gall model, modified through the stages of preliminary study, planning, product development, limited trial, revision, field testing, and dissemination. The research subjects consisted of 25 fifth-grade students categorized into three levels of mathematical ability—high, medium, and low—based on diagnostic test results.

Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation sheets, and learning achievement tests. Data analysis was conducted both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicate that the adaptive mathematics learning model developed is highly valid, practical, and effective, based on expert validation scores (mean 92.5%), teacher practicality responses (mean 4.6 out of 5), and significant improvement in post-test scores compared to pre-test results (average gain of 26 points). The adaptive model integrates differentiated task levels, scaffolding strategies, and collaborative learning activities designed to enhance students’ confidence and independence.

This research concludes that developing an adaptive mathematics learning model based on multilevel learning principles provides an innovative solution to accommodate diverse student abilities in elementary education and enhances the overall quality of mathematics learning.